Sometimes, bile from the liver or gall bladder is absorbed into the bloodstream and circulates throughout the body, causing a yellow or greenish discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and urine. This discoloration is most readily seen in the whites of the eyes. The staining of the skin or other tissues is what we refer to as jaundice. It is often accompanied by severe itching.
Obstructive jaundice is not a disease in itself but an indication of an obstruction to the outflow of bile from the liver or gall bladder. The obstruction may be due to a gallstone lodged in a bile duct, particularly the common bile duct. A tumor of the pancreas, cancer, or inflammation of the bile ducts or surrounding structures may also cause an obstruction. It is important to distinguish this type of jaundice from jaundice caused by liver inflammation or the rapid breakdown of red blood cells, as these types are not the result of an obstruction.
Due to the variety of potential underlying factors and the seriousness of some, the appearance of jaundice should prompt a thorough medical examination. An X-ray of the gall bladder and other tests are often required to determine the location and nature of the obstruction, if present. Even if the jaundice is not due to an obstruction, it is still crucial to identify the underlying cause.
WHAT TO DO
- Do not attempt home treatment. Effective treatment can only be administered once the cause is identified.
- Consult a physician at the first appearance of what seems to be jaundice. Professional guidance is essential for determining the cause and appropriate treatment.
- Regardless of the cause, drinking plenty of water is beneficial as it helps flush bile through the urine.
- Treat itching as you would treat itching from any other cause.
